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Clin Exp Dermatol. 2025 Jul 28:llaf344. doi: 10.1093/ced/llaf344. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Limited evidence exists on the association between autoimmune disease (AD) risk and patients with severe cutaneous adverse reactions(SCARs). The aim of this study was to estimate the risks of a set of incident autoimmune outcomes in patients with SCARs.

METHODS: We used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database to build a cohort of 21,170 eligible individuals with SCARs and a matched non-SCARs cohort comprising 211,700 individuals. We analyzed the autoimmune outcomes of interest through a Cox proportional hazards model.

RESULTS: During a median follow-up period of 5.2 years, 459 (2.2%) individuals with and 299 (0.14%) without SCARs developed incident AD, respectively. The incidence rate of any AD was 418.5 events per 100,000 person-years among patients with SCARs and 27.0 events per 100,000 person-years among those without SCARs and the adjusted hazard ratio of any AD was 15.5; 95% confidence interval: 13.4-17.9). Furthermore, there was increased risk of an array of incident autoimmune disease including systemic vasculitis, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, primary Sjögren's syndrome, Addison's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, myasthenia gravis, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Graves' disease and autoimmune hemolytic anemia.

CONCLUSIONS: This study suggest that patients with SCARs had a higher risk of developing ADs than patients without SCARs. Further research investigating the related underlying mechanisms is warranted. These results suggest that physicians should be attentive to potential sequelae that may arise following SCARs resolution during long-term follow-up.

PMID:40721277 | DOI:10.1093/ced/llaf344


Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4072127 ... t9+e462414